Which of the following is not typically included as a technology cost in managing a concert event budget?

Venue lighting is not typically categorized as a technology cost in managing a concert event budget because it falls under the broader category of venue infrastructure and physical setup rather than technology. While venue lighting is crucial for creating the right atmosphere during a concert, it is considered part of the overall production design and venue equipment rather than a specific technological solution.

In contrast, ticketing, live-streaming, and the event app are all technologies that facilitate various aspects of the event. Ticketing involves software or systems for selling and managing tickets, live-streaming uses technology to broadcast the event online, and an event app provides attendees with information and interactive features, all distinctly associated with technology costs necessary for enhancing the audience's experience and operational efficiency.