What is the process of identifying, assessing, and controlling threats to an organization's capital and earnings called?

The process of identifying, assessing, and controlling threats to an organization's capital and earnings is known as Risk Management. This practice involves systematically analyzing potential risks that could negatively impact an organization's financial health and operational capabilities. By identifying these risks, organizations can implement strategies and measures to minimize their impact or prevent them altogether.

In risk management, companies utilize various techniques, including risk assessment tools and risk mitigation strategies, to ensure they remain resilient against uncertainties in their business environment. This proactive approach not only protects financial resources but also supports the overall strategic goals of the organization, making it a fundamental aspect of sound financial and operational practices.

Other options, such as Asset Protection, focus more specifically on safeguarding physical and non-physical assets but do not encompass the breadth of identifying and controlling risks associated with earnings and operations. Financial Auditing aims to evaluate the accuracy of financial statements and compliance with policies rather than managing potential risks. Similarly, an Operational Review systematically examines different processes within an organization but is not primarily concerned with risk evaluation and management. Therefore, Risk Management is the most comprehensive term among the choices for the described process.